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Freud and Philosophy
Jean Laplanche
Summary: In this article, Laplanche raises questions over what probably Freud refers to,when relating to Philosophy. He outlines that despite no attempt to lay Freud on the couch, he will examine the level of necessary demand while studying Freud’s written work and his balance between saying and doing. In other words, between a philosophical paradigm of the world and science. Using Karl Popper’s vision on science as opposed to philosophy which, despite partially working with the same methods, is faulty while trying to achieve, through positive assertions a kind of unity which in science remains as a regulating and programmatic intention. Therefore, this is the importance of the term “speculation” for Freud, which is defined as an attempt to explore an idea in a consequent manner bearing the curiosity of finding out where it will lead.
Key words: philosophy, science, vision of the world, speculation, conjecture, refutation or falsification
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Freud’s Stance in the Modern History of Ideas
Thomas Mann
Summary: Thomas Mann setting out from Nietzsche’s aphorism “the hostility of German people against illuminism” discusses romanticism, illuminism and the concept of what could be considered revolutionary in the cultural field. Considering the dichotomy between feeling “nature and soul’s nocturnal side” and reason understood as linked to the “powers of light and emancipation of reason”, Mann presents his own conception of what is revolutionary in culture, considering Psychoanalysis a manifestation of it. Mann ends his paper by defending the spirit of Psychoanalysis while stating: “Through its emphasis over the demoniac in nature, with its passion for research over the nocturnal spheres of the soul, it is so anti-rational as any manifestation of the new spirit that is in victorious struggle with mechanic-materialistic elements of the 19th Century. It is revolution entirely in its sense”.
Key Words: culture, philosophy, German romanticism, Nietzsche, illuminism.
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Freud: a psycho-analyst of adolescents
José Outeiral
Eloisa Helena Rubello Valler Celeri
Summary: In this paper the authors aim to look at three points: Freud’s adolescence; the adolescent pacients that he had attended and his conceps about adolescence; to demonstrate the importance that this author has given to this emotional development phase.
Key words: Freud, psycho-analysis of adolescents.
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Eternally Freud
Maria Eliana B. Mello Helsinger
Summary: In homage to the 150 years of the birth of Freud, the author makes an imaginary dialog with psychoanalysis’s founder talking on some of his main workmanships and his unfolding in modernity.
It emphasizes the importance of psychoanalysis nowadays, as a basic instrument against the “unhumanisation”.
Keywords: transference, desire, hysteria, trieb, contemporariness.
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Freud and a new sexual order: from trauma to phantasy
Alirio Dantas Jr.
Summary: The author discusses some points of the conception of sexuality in Freud’s works. He emphasizes the distinction between genitality and sexuality according to Freud’s ideas and underlines the essential implications of this broad view of sexual for the development of psychoanalytical theory. The article sustains that sexual drive is crucial for structuring the unconscious.
Keywords: sexuality, unconscious, drive, trauma, genital, genitality, eroticism.
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The opening discovery: such an obscure and uncertain object.
Luís Carlos Menezes
Summary: The author considers that Psychoanalysis’ opening discovery is the notion of unconscious desire, which was discovered in straight relationship with Freud’s (self) analysis. It could be spotted while operating in neurotic symptoms, dreams, slips of the tongue, jokes and he considered it to be the engine or the arrow of all psychic activities, including intellectual activity.
Unconscious desire is conceived in straight correlation with the experience of satisfaction with someone who is capable of comprehending the needs of someone who is helpless. It corresponds to the investment of memory marks engraved by the experience of satisfaction and to their investment as a guideline to what a subject pursues in dreams, through a hallucinatory mode or thought. What turns the experience or thought real is unconscious desire
Freud’s initial clinical cases, as well as an author’s clinical sample are commented in order to illustrate this conception. The author uses mainly the letters to Fliess, the Project, the Interpretation of Dreams and Studies on Hysteria as a foundation for this paper.
Key Words: unconscious desire, Freud’s analysis, experience of satisfaction, scream and language.
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Seduction of violence
Admar Horn
Summary: Based upon an event occurred recently with colleagues psychoanalysts, the author does one reflexion how to conceive the violence’s seduction. The text is based upon the ideas of one french psychoanalyst, Benno Rosenberg. Shows how violence maintains connections with drive sources, the life and death drives revealed by Freud and try to explain the psychic origin. Masochism is a perfect example of the intrincation of these two drives. Its violence will depend on the strenght and the quality, whether it be deadly or not, of this masochism.
Keywords: Violence, life drive, eath drive, masochism.
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Our love in the past… that became permanent
Ângela Maria Lôbo Sollberger
Summary: The author renders homage to Sigmund Freud for his 150 years, our love of in the past that became permanent, through the critical reading of the article Civilization and its Discontents (1929[1930]). It discusses the question of love and hate in the contemporary times, the identifications and their ways of structuration, stating the questioning of the responsability of the psychoanalysts before social demands. The author bases her reflections on Freudian ideas, and on the contributions of some contemporary psychoanalysts, particularly Florence Guignard, the sociologist Zygmundt Bauman, the political scientist Paulo Sérgio Rouanet, and the historian Peter Gay, in an attempt to comprehend the human being and the culture of our days.
Keywords: Freud, civilization and its discontents (culture), discontents in modernity, transmission, identification, sexuality, agressivity, feeling of pertaining, capacity of love, psychoanalysis in the contemporaneity.
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Psychoanalysis: auxiliary philosophy/true philosophy
José Nepomuceno
Summary: The author focuses on some contributions from Greek culture to psychoanalysis emphasizing the interface between our discipline and philosophy. It is pointed out and analysed in Freud the apparent contrast specifically related to the worth of the philosophycal contributions to his thought. In this sense it is presented quotation from Freud in which he affirms in some way that psychoanalysis is the true philosophy. It is equally evaluated the epistemological status of the freudian legacy being looked for specifically the intersection between that condition and several concepts of truth.
Keywords: psychoanalysis, Greek culture, epistemology, theories of truth.
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Regressive development and the psychoanalysis in the contemporary civilization
Miguel Sayad
Summary: This is a reflection on Freud’s work celebrating his 150th birthday. From his “Autobiographical Study” and his ”regressive development” (the return to social studies) it’s considered how profitable the presence of Psychoanalysis and the IPA could be in the discussion of political violence, racial and religious prejudices and individual and State terrorism.
In the article, the return to the psychoanalytical studies of identifications and myths that are in the foundations of Western religious imagery are proposed, such as the Old Testament, the Koran, the Promised Land and Yahweh or Allah.
The presence of the IPA at the UN, its committee “Study on Terror and Political Violence” and the Berlin Congress themes, are taken as possibilities of intervention to change, in any way, the national and international conditions which determine Extreme Traumas.
It would be the greatest homage to Freud if the reflection of his work could contribute towards enlightenment and peace.
Keywords: Civilization:Yahweh, old testment, Torah, terror, genocide-social violence, extreme trauma, negation, silence-falsehood, fear of knowledge, transgenerational trauma x psychoanalysis, knowledge, truth, word, action, ABP, IPA, UN, law.
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Fetishism and thinking: ‘thought’ as fetish
Paulo de Moraes Mendonça Ribeiro
Summary: Taking as a starting point clinical observation on how ‘thinking’ works and how some patients in analysis make use of their ‘thoughts’, the author proposes a reflection on a possible perverse use of thinking. He uses the description of the metapsychological concept of “disavowal” (verleugnung) proposed by Freud in the work Fetishism as a model for reflection. At the same time that the patient notices the analyst in the room, and is in emotional contact with the analyst, the patient evades this contact, displacing his/her attention to a reverberating circular mental activity that leads nowhere. This mental activity is referred to as ‘thought as fetish”.
This mode of ‘thinking’ works as defense and calms the patient down, however, it is not an attempt to try and deal with deep anguishes, but a perverse mechanism (K-activity) that aims to deny reality and evade the emotional experience. It is a functioning under the aegis of “compulsion to repetition” (Freud), it tends to infinite and it stimulates hypertrophy of “transformations in hallucinosis” (Bion). It is up to the analyst to identify this way of pseudo-thinking and to present to the patient the truths he/she are denying; otherwise, the patient will continue to produce free dissociations indefinitely, relating to his/her mind and to the analyst as if he/she were relating to an inanimate object, secretly triumphing over the analysis in a kind of maniac enjoyment.
Keywords: thought as fetish, fetishism, sensorium, disavowal.
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Moral and ethics in Freud’s work
Germano Vollmer Filho
Summary: First, the author emphasizes the influence of religion on Freud’s thoughts which according to his biographers, determined outstandig ethics features in his character, which, in turn was important in building his work.
Next we present a summarized version of his analysis of religion as well as his proposal for an evolution, in humanity, from a religious thought to a scientific one capable of structuring an ethical and a moral value where reason is prominent.
Finally, the origen and function of the superego as well the need for a greater autonomy of the ego for establish ethics and moral values is briefly analyzed.
Keywords: ética, moral, religião, superego.
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The uncanny
Lores Pedro Meller
Summary: The author presents a reading of uniting the feeling of strangement associated to psychoanalysis and freudism, and the unheimlich feeling that was investigated in one of the notorious articles of the master. It equally presents, a sketch of the process and the context of iluminism in relation to the purpose and parameters of the Freudian ideas, thus,conducting the theme of helplessness and production of the ‘no-happiness’ related to the ontologic process provided by the frustation ‘drive’, requested in the civilization process. Scrutinizing, mainly to Bauman, the author broadens the reading with elements that aim to enlighten the relations between Freud and the science of his time and identitary complexity of the Jew-being in the Venetian society.
Keywords: stranger, helplessness, ambivalence, iluminism, positivism, indisposition.
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Psychoanalytical vertices of communion
Waldemar Zusman
Summary: The author points out that communion as a concept was in a way expelled from psychoanalytical concerns as a way of escaping from religious appropriation. The communion experience, on the other hand, is also a part of various aspects of human behavior and is a part of everyone’s life since its very beginning in the mother’s womb. Freud worried that psychoanalysis would be dominated by religious beliefs and concepts contributed to substituting the word communion with alternative nominations. The analytical activity implies in moments of communion that give rise to interpretations and real understanding of the patient’s pathos. The foetus’ communion with its mother is interrupted by the birth trauma but remains a latent threat of catastrophic change. Communion exceeds its biological limits and reaches the esthetical field.
Keywords: communion, falsified communion, catastrophic change, domination.
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Traslating Freud
Elsa Vera Kunze P. Susemihl
Summary: The author describes how she became a translator of Freud and comments the history of the edition of Freud´s complete work in german, in english and in portuguese. Some comments on these translations, and to a french translations also, are presented and discussed. The project of a new translation that is on its way by Imago Editora is then presented. The author finalizes with some thoughts about her experience with both activities, translating and psychoanalysing. In the appendix there is a summary of the parameters adopted in the new translation to portuguese and some illustrating examples.
Keywords: translation of Freud´s complete work to portuguese, critics to Freud´s translations, Freud`s writing style, the imagetic characteristic of the german language, parameters for translations, psychoanalysis and translation.
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Freud and Machado de Assis: literature and psychoanalysis
Luiz Alberto Pinheiro de Freitas
Summary: This work aims at illustrating how one can make psychoanalysis by extension, pointing out the possibilities of an intersection between psychoanalysis and literature. Through the analysis of the female character in the short-story “Singular Ocorrência” (A Singular Event) by Machado de Assis, we can show, by utilizing psychoanalytical concepts, the universalizing nature of said character, in that she is a permanent character – an unconscious repetition of a cultural form of being.
Keywords: Freud, Machado de Assis, psychoanalysis, literature.
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Guimarães Rosa and Freud: jokes and desire
Yudith Rosenbaum
Summary: Analysing Guimarães Rosa’s short story “Desenredo”, this essay shows the importance of some of its stylistic strategies —such as the use of paranomasia, child language, jokes and puns— as a means to subvert or to reconfigure reality, relating Rosa’s literary manoeuvres to Freud’s Jokes and their Relations to the Unconscious, and André Jolles’ Simple Forms. Betrayed by his wife, the story’s anti-hero, Jó Joaquim, provides to himself a new narrative of his fate, in which a comical and unexpected ending reassures his happiness; the role of jokes in the libidinal economy of the subject, revealed by Freud, thus finds in Rosa’s story a convincing illustration.
Keywords: Freud, Jokes, Guimarães Rosa, André Jolles, libidinal economy
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