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Summary
Theory and
clinic
On
the Freudian basis of psychoanalytical psychosomatics:
a study about current neuroses.
Admar Horn e Miguel Calmon du Pin e Almeida
The
Psychoanalyst and his Art:
We need to have a little of both: the mystic and of
the scientist
Adalberto A. Goulart
Geniusness
and Madness – Reflections over group phenomena, transformations
and common sense
Claudio Castelo Filho
Re-thinking
Obsessive Neurosis through the light of the “self’s”
primitive experiences
Paulo de Moraes Mendonça Ribeiro
Studies interdisciplinares
Body
and Subjectivity – Dialogue between medicine and psychoanalysis
Liana Albernaz
On the Freudian basis
of psychoanalytical psychosomatics: a study about
current neuroses.
Using the need to learn to listen to borderline states
as their point of departure, the authors search in
their reading of current neurosis the Freudian bases
for the efforts to theorize on these new forms of
illness, in which the trivial is given a special role
to play. This is a clinical practice marked by rhythms,
intensities and small movements that oblige the analyst
to place parentheses (even if only partially and for
a short while) around the model of psychic apparatus
as conceived in The Interpretation of Dreams.
These endeavors to set up a metapsychology of borderline
states make special references to the Paris School
of Psychosomatic (IPSO) and present its fundamental
concepts of somatic regression and psychosomatic detachment.
The Psychoanalyst and
his Art:
We need to have a little of both: the mystic and of
the scientist
The author begins by his own experience, comparing
two creative moments: the poetical and the clinic
psychoanalytic (insight and interpretation). He elaborates
a theoretic study, inspired in the mythology of the
chaos, before the world’s creation and the organization
of things. He develops the theme by reviewing important
papers about the psychoanalytic creativity comprehension.
His attempt is to show how important the psychosexual
development is at the creative process and illustrates
it with two clinical extracts and a poem. The author
insists on the importance of the analyst intuition
( mystic side) by the encounter of unconscious between
the patient and the analyst in connection with technical
discipline (scientist side).
Geniusness and Madness
– Reflections over group phenomena, transformations
and common sense
The author uses Klein’s concept of projective identification
and Bion’s ideas about Container and Contained to
develop his reflections about the genius and the madman
who are frequently seen as equal. The genius could
or not become a schizophrenic according to his capacity
or incapacity to tolerate the strength of the emotional
experiences that are felt due to his talent of getting
in direct contact and grasp of the evolutions of “O”
(and publish them as transformations in K). The ordinary
schizophrenic usually has nothing of a genius. He
is only incapable of tolerating any genuine contact
with his emotional experiences. The possibility of
tolerating the anguish due to the presence of a genius
in a community would be directly connected with its
robustness and maturity - otherwise it would tend
to fragmentation (likewise in the schizophrenic) or
to suffocate the genius, destroying the origin of
a menace to the establishment and as a consequence,
leading to the impossibility of its growth and evolution.
The idea of “common sense” as proposed by Bion is
an important parameter in the differentiation of productions
of psychotic nature from genial ones.
Re-thinking Obsessive
Neurosis through the light of the “self’s” primitive
experiences
The author derives from the concept of the ‘autistic-contiguous
position’ described by T. Ogden (1989) to give second
thoughts to the “obsessive neurosis” and suggests
a new understanding of this psychopathology’s dynamics
. He thinks that this ‘neurosis’ could be seen as
manifestation of a ancient catastrophe in the human
development.
The autistic-contiguous form of organizing the individual’s
experience comes from the sensory concreteness and
builds a “sensory floor” (Grotstein 1987), above which
the self experience can (or can not) be configured.
The quality of the first object relations is of most
importance to build a stable structure of this ‘sensory
floor’, because this ‘floor’ is built by the conjugation
of the ‘reverie’ function (Bion) with the ‘holding’
(Winnicott). When there are difficulties within these
primary object relations, there may be gaps on the
‘autistic-contiguous’ form of organizing the self
experience. The symptoms and defenses obsessive-compulsives
are seen as manifestations of the first efforts that
the baby makes in the direction of ordering and linking
his/hers primary sensory experiences.
Differently from the classical concept of the ‘obsessive
neurosis’, which was understood as a result of Oedipus’
Conflicts that were not well elaborated in the person’s
mind, the author suggests a shift in the concept in
direction to something more primitive: the individual’s
mind structure or the construction of his ‘sensory
floor’.
The author uses clinical material from a patient (a
creative one, a poet) with strong obsessive-compulsive
symptoms to illustrate the ideas proposed.
Body and Subjectivity – Dialogue between
medicine and psychoanalysis
The theme of this paper is the investigation of the
growing tension between clinical practice and biotechnological
knowledge of contemporary western medicine. In order
to circumscribe this issue, the concepts of body and
subjectivity, central categories of the current paradigmatic
crisis are highlighted, accompanying them through
two conductor wires: that of modern science and that
of psychoanalysis opposing to their ontological, epistemological
and anthropological conceptions.
The constitution of medical rationality is founded
in modern science. Thus, the medical knowledge takes
the disease as universal and treats the human body
as a machine. The amputation of other dimensions of
the body and the dissipation of the subjects generates
suffering and ill being in students, doctors and patients
with ethical consequences.
Psychoanalysis is summoned up to join in this discussion
due to the fact its foundation is on clinical experience.
Accompanying the Freudian path, the ruptures that
psychoanalysis makes with the modern paradigm are
presented. Opposing the machinelike-body concept that
sustains the biomedical knowledge, the body-subject
concept is presented, constructed on the basis of
Freudian formulations, as being fundamental for clinical
practice.
It is proposed that it is possible for there to be
coexistence of these two antagonistic conceptions
within contemporary western medicine. Assuming the
paradoxical presence in clinical practice of these
two bodies, the machinelike-body and the body-subject,
can make the practice of medicine more human, ethical
and efficacious.
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