In its first century, psychoanalysis had several great thinkers, but from the author's viewpoint, there was only one great English-speaking writer: Donald Winnicott. Since style and content are so interdependent in Winnicott's writings, his papers are not well served by a thematic reading aimed exclusively at gleaning "What is the paper about". Such efforts often result in trivial aphorisms. Winnicott, for the most part, does not use language to reach to conclusions, rather; he uses language to create experiences in reading that are inseparable from the ideas he presents, or more accurately, the ideas he plays with.
The author offers a reading of Winnicott's (1945) "Primitive Emotional Development", a paper containing the seeds of virtually all the major contributions to psychoanalysis that Winnicott would make over the course of the succeeding twenty-six years of his life. The present author demonstrates the interdependence of the life of the ideas being developed and the life of the writing in this seminal paper of Winnicott's. What "Primitive Emotional Development" has to offer to a psychoanalytic reader cannot be said in any other way (which is to say that the writing is extraordinarily resistant to paraphrase). It has been this author's experience - which he hopes to convey to the reader - that an awareness of the way the language works in Winnicott's writings significantly enhances what can be learned, from reading them.

In this paper the authors aim to close together Winnicott's and Freud's psychoanalytic contribution, taking the Oedipus complex and the father role as an intersection point between them. Using both theoretical papers as references and the clinical material presented in "Holding and interpretation" and "The Piggle" we tried to demonstrate the importance that Winnicott has given to the Oedipus complex and the clinical and theoretical thought of Sigmund Freud.

According to D. W. Winnicott's thought development the usage of terms such as ego and self, in the author's works, is reviewed in the context of selected articles. The significance of such expressions are analysed as well as its different meanings in theoretical and clinical works written between 1945 and 1971.

The present study addresses the conception of Reality according to Sigmund Freud and other authors, namely Piera Aulagnier, Julian Wohl, and Berger & Luckmann. The author emphasizes the distinct conceptions of Reality proposed by Freud, in the development of his models of mental organization and functioning. In particular, the author calls the attention to the fact that Reality is not a unique or universally accepted theory. This can mislead clinicians to an inappropriate use of the concept. The different domains of Reality are further analyzed, particularly the concepts of Internal Reality, External Reality, and Reality Testing, challenging the priority of the Pleasure Principle. The author further discusses the "external-internal" dichotomy, and the contributions of Suzanne Langer to the understanding of Reality. At last, the author addresses the theory of the displacement from "external reality of the world" to "feeling real and being creative", which is discussed within Winnicott's transitional space.

This paper approaches, from Winnicott's contribution perspective, the manner that the baby's self is constituted in the tradition of his/her family. The baby creates what there is to be created , meaning to create not only his/her mother, but also the transgenerational psychic situation found by him in the moment of his/her birth. The baby may find three different situations at the beginning of his/her life: mission, enigma and question. This paper tries to describe the consequences for the constitution of the self in each of those situations.

The author describes the prolonged regressive condition of a patient in analysis for five years. She uses Winnicott's concept of unfreezing the situation of environmental failure for the comprehension of the patient's condition.
Afterwards, she describes Winnicott's ideas which suggests, in her point of view, an new theory of technique.

This study is a reflection on a clinical case of a psychotic patient in the light of the Winnicottian referential. It is an atypical case, with twenty years duration, from which only the first six were treated in the consulting room. The central points are regression to absolute dependence and search for independence in the patient's maturing process. Difficulties in the clinical treatment and characteristics of transference and counter transference are discussed.

In this paper, the author approaches Winnicott's concept of concern. The term was used by the author to refer to Depressive Position concept developed by Melanie Klein. Initially Winnicott, used this term but he modified it according to the development of his theory The author emphasizes a very specific question that refers to distress feeling, present in the integration movement between excited and relaxed states experienced by the baby and that is indispensable to reach the concern stage. The autonomy is rooted in the baby's distress, an experience unavoidable by him/her. A clinical situation with a child is used to show the approached question.

The author aims to approach and develop one of Winnicott's most important formulations about human nature: "Being, before anything". From this point, a psychoanalytic conception which gives priority to the constitution of human identity as a possibility of ontological opening to the experience of subjective phenomenon valued by psychoanalysis emerges. A clinical case presentation of a child allows for understanding the initial process of human life responsible for the constitution and establishment of the conditions of Being. At the same time, this same clinical situation reveals fragmentation of the Being when faced with adverse environmental situations. In this context, management of the analytical setting is emphasized, considering the patient's regressive situations and the gradual recovery of her personal developmental process.

The study is related to the concept introduced by Winnicott of the subjective object of its participation in the personal maturational process and formation of the person's self.
In order to illustrate the rooting of the self, the author tries to present, trough a clinical case, the aspects that relate to the establishment of the primary intimacy which arises from an initial amalgamation with the mother.

The author proposes the conciliation of some seemingly contradictory characteristics of the concept of self in Winnicott's work: that of self-unity/totality with that of a transitional self, mutating in the time and space, "going on being'
This would be possible when considering this totality as an open totality, where the whole at each moment is being composed. Such experience is continuous and it presupposes the existence of a dynamical relational field.
The theories of Winnicott are linked with the concept of transductive operational of the contemporary scientist Simmondon that, dislocating the focus from the notion of individual emphasizes the process of individuation, that occurs in a pre-structural field, where organizations can only be configured from the relationship. The unity is not the individual, but the relationship itself, germinated in this field, as it occurs, for example, in the analytical experience.
From the expression "search of the self", frequent in the work of Winnicott, the author suggests that self and search be considered as phenomena of the same order, being not appropriate to question if self would be point of arrival or departure in the creative process. Always in the move, the self would be recreated in each relational field.
A clinical experience is presented for illustration of the conditions for appearance of a spontaneous gesture which eased the contact with the true self in that case.

This paper suggests it is interesting to relate Winnicott's positions to the Ferenczian clinical and theoretical tradition. A special emphasis should be placed on regression to dependence as processes occurring in analysis and everyday life.

This essay intends to relate the works of Winnicott and Merleau-Ponty, two contemporary thinkers narrowly kindred by a phenomenological perspective adopted formally by the philosopher and "inadvertently" by the psychoanalyst. The central formulations are then organized around the postulation of an interlacement area, or intersection area, of my perceptions with the perceptions of the other. It is a place denominated by Winnicott as transitional space and by Merleau-Ponty as phenomenal field. That is convergent with Husserl's notion of world of life and with Lacan's field of the significant. In this third area of the experience, neither internal nor external, living is placed, the reality shared daily by individuals, the cultural accomplishment and the psychoanalytic experience itself.

The author discusses the re constructive possibilities of regression, considering Winnicott's (1954) ideas, who made an extensive study about this matter and related it as a corollary of expansion and freedom of self while inserted in the analytic setting.
Regression as understood in the present psychoanalytic thinking, has a specific therapeutic function, has re constructive possibilities and is related to taking over the inner natural force which presses the person toward health and development. It is emphasized that regression toward dependence is a "hard way through the rocks", comprising specific technique in which it is necessary to differentiate constitutive needs from desire gratification.
In the constructive regression, the analyst is "used" by the analysand, who takes him as an instrument for discovery and exploration of the self.
Clinical material is presented to illustrate the proposed ideas; in which the patient regressed to a dependence state with strong fears of loss of mental capacity and regression with no return.